Wormhole theory
Wormholes are hypothetical entities that showed up in theoretical analyses of Einstein’s theory of general relativity. It is a speculative structure linking disparate points in spacetime that could create shortcuts for long journeys across the universe. However, several glaring problems have been baffled astronomers for decades since it was predicted that wormhole brings them the dangers of sudden collapse, high radiation, and dangerous contact with exotic matters.
Wormholes are first theorised in 1916. While reviewing another physicist ‘s solution to the Einstein theory of general relativity, Austrian physicist Ludwig Flamm initiated another possible resolution for the concept. He postulated a “white hole” as a theoretical time reversal of a black hole. In 1935, Albert Einstein and physicist Nathan Rosen grounded on the theory of general relativity to elaborate the idea. They proposed the existence of a visual bridge connecting from one point to another through space-time, theoretically creating a shortcut that could reduce travel time and distant, the shortcut then came to be called Einstein- Rosen Bridges. A wormhole is capable to connect extremely immense distances such as a billion light-years or more across space. Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether wormholes exist and remain to be seen, there is still a complete mystery.
The Notion of White Holes
The introduction of wormhole theory has been intriguing many astrophysicists to keep them getting around to invent this intergalactic speed-walking. Following Einstein’s theory of general relativity, which stated that massive objects cause space-time to bend and wrap around it. Einstein- Rosen Bridge is a theoretical method of folding space and time that could connect two very distant places with a short bridge, forming a conduit called a wormhole. Wormholes are appeared to be spherical and stretched across the universe by elongated tunnels. It would drive you almost instantaneously across the entire galaxy in just a narrow link between them, you could travel faster than the speed of light when walking through it, in which the time will get quicker in your perspective in comparison to the observer on Earth.
Presently, wormholes have only been formatting on paper. Likewise, general relativity is merely a mathematical complex that has countless answers and said to be possible, but that doesn’t mean they always described reality. Scientists have been embarked on missions to construct a man-made wormhole, in which Einstein-Rosen bridge have come to known. However, there are several conspicuous issues that astrophysicists have to bear in mind while computing wormholes. Wormhole tunnels are possible to be undoubtedly collapsed into a black hole, at which space-time is being sucked in at an infinite rate towards the black hole singularity as it becomes one single point of infinite density, therefore interrupting the tunnel between two ends of a wormhole.
One possibility to remain the stability of wormholes is the existence of white holes, hypothetically a black hole’s bizarre twin and have the reverse effect. The black hole is known as a cosmic vacuum cleaner where gravity is so strong that nothing around it can escape, not even light. Whereas white hole explosively emits a massive amount of energy, type of energetic gamma-ray burst, and acts as centripetal force (antigravity) rather than sucking everything in. The notion of the white hole might fundamentally be a new solution to the wormhole maintenance, as it performs like a mirrored side of our universe where time runs backwards. Blackhole swallows matters irretrievably, and a white hole opens an outlet for the black hole singularity where all matters that were initially lost in the black hole are being spewed out to the parallel universe with backwards time. This means the mirrored side of our universe is appeared to be our deepest past as the arrow of time move away from its central state and toward the initial stage of cosmological expansion, at where the formation of subatomic particles and astronomical bodies are still transpiring.
Logically, when a white hole and black hole with the same mass came together, they should’ve merged into a colossal white-black hole. Nevertheless, once these two massive forces from the white and black hole approach each other, the mass the white hole is expelling would also be turned into energy for the black hole. This won’t be a quick battle as the black hole can consume the white hole for thousands of years since the repulsive force of the white hole pushing against the gravitational pull to defend itself. As the energy keeps feeding on the black hole, the white hole is slowly being swallowed, and eventually, the black hole would become more massive than ever since consuming its extreme energy force.
All in all, today’s technology is insufficient to enlarge or stabilise wormholes, even if they could be found or made. So far, we only know that wormholes exist on paper in the form of an equation. However, scientists continue to explore the concept as a method of space travel with the hope that technology and humanity’s physics would eventually be able to utilise them. “You would need some of super-super-advanced technology,” Hsu said. “Humans won’t be doing this any time in the near future.”
Bibliography
Cain, F. (2015, December 8). Phys.org. Retrieved from What are Wormholes?: https://phys.org/news/2015-12-wormholes.html
Chu, J. (2013, December 5). MIT News. Retrieved from You can’t get entangled without a wormhole: http://news.mit.edu/2013/you-cant-get-entangled-without-a-wormhole-1205
Redd, N. T. (2017, October 21). SPACE.com. Retrieved from What Is Wormhole Theory?: https://www.space.com/20881-wormholes.html
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. (1997, September 15). Retrieved from FOLLOW-UP: What exactly is a ‘wormhole’? Have wormholes been proven to exist or are they still theoretical?: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/follow-up-what-exactly-is/
Wikipedia. (2020, July 10). Retrieved from Wormhole: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole
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https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/are-wormholes-real/
